N.N. Roeva, S.S. Voronich, I.A. Zaytseva, S.A. Potapov, Yu.A. Grechko
Heavy metals are already the second most dangerous, behind pesticides and well ahead of such well-known pollutants as carbon dioxide and sulfur. In the future, they may become more dangerous than nuclear power plant waste and solid waste. Their pollution is associated with their widespread use in industrial production, and due to imperfect treatment systems, they increasingly began to get into the environment, and primarily into the soil, polluting and poisoning it. Soil is the main medium into which these pollutants enter, and serves as a source of secondary pollution of surface air and water, as well as plants and food. The term «heavy metals», which characterizes a wide group of pollutants, has recently gained considerable popularity, it includes more than 40 elements of the periodic table of D.I. Mendeleev with an atomic mass of more than 40 atomic units: V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cd, Sn, Hg, Pb, Bi, etc. Almost all metals that fall under this defi nition (with the exception of lead, mercury, cadmium and bismuth, the biological role of which is currently not clear) are actively involved in biological processes, are part of many enzymes. In this regard, the control of their behavior in the soil is quite an urgent task today.
Keywords: Soil; pollution; heavy metals; mobile and stationary forms; zinc; copper; cadmium; nickel; cobalt; lead; cadmium; mercury; iron.
DOI: 10.25791/esip.07.2021.1238
Pp. 17-24. |
