Mel’nikova E.B., Melnikov A.V.
Monitoring of bioluminescent glow of hydrobionts, carried out using fast-acting hydrobiophysical devices, makes it possible
to assess the impact of heavy metal pollution on the environmental safety and functioning of marine ecosystems. The change
in the intensity of bioluminescent glow of hydrobiontic communities as a whole, as well as the mass representative of
bioluminescent organisms in the Black Sea – N. scintillans under the infl uence of heavy metal pollution, has been considered.
On the basis of data on amplitude and duration of bioluminescent fl ash of N. scintillans, calculation of change of intensity of
glow at various concentration of pollution of sea water is carried out by salts PbCl2
, CuSO4
, HgCl2
, ZnCl2
. It was found that
in the fi rst hours of exposure to low concentrations (1–10 μg/l) of pollution, ZnCl2
and HgCl2
salts have the most detrimental
effect on N. scintillans. When exposed to PbCl2
12–24 hours after the start of exposure, a stimulating effect and an increase
in glow intensity by 1,5 times compared to the control group are observed. However, with prolonged exposure lasting 8 days
or more, the intensity of bioluminescence under the infl uence of PbCl2
, CuSO4
, HgCl2
, и ZnCl2
decreases to the level of
30–45% of the control group. It has been shown that in the North-Eastern part of the Black Sea, with pollution exceeding
the MPC with one metal, the integral intensity of glow of the hydrobionts (IIGH) decreases by 1,7 times, with pollution with
two metals by 2,7 times, and when the MPC is exceeded with three metals, IIGH decreases by 3,0–3,7 times depending on
the type and concentration of pollutants.
Keywords: Black Sea, environmental monitoring, aquatic environment, pollution, heavy metals, concentration, MPC,
bioluminescence, hydrobiont community, N. scintillans, integral intensity of the hydrobiont glow.
DOI: 10.25791/esip.2.2025.1505
Pp. 45-53. |
